What is the proceeds from the sale of products

Carrying out economic activity, the company automatically receives income from it. The latter, taking the form of a cash flow, is divided into the following types: financial income received from investments, basic.

Profit received from operating activities- is the revenue that the company can receive from the sale of products, services or works.

Also exists profit earned from investing in investments is the result obtained from the sale of securities or non-current assets.

If we talk about income received from financing, then this is the result of the procedure for placing enterprise shares and bonds among investors.

Profit received from the sale of purchased or manufactured goods, consists of the funds that have been credited to the account due to the sale. The revenue generated by the company through the sale is the main source of money in the organization.

In Russia there is several methods for determining the moment of implementation:

1. Shipping or accrual method.
2. Implementation by payment (cash method). Profit in this method will be determined only after the company's account received funds from the purchase of goods. Most often, this method is used by companies with a small financial profit.

Small organizations have the right not to use the shipping method. As for everyone else, they should only use it.

If we take into account small organizations, then the profit of such companies in accounting can be put down only after the buyer can pay for it.

Profit in accounting is determined as shipments are made.

In the event that a company recognizes revenue from the sale of products when they are shipped, then the obligation to pay taxes arises regardless of whether the company received money from the buyer or not.

In this case, the company can take advantage of the creation of a reserve for doubtful debts, which is created from pre-tax revenue. At the same time, doubtful debts will be accounts receivable which is not guaranteed and has already passed its maturity date.

In order to determine how strong a company is financially, you should pay attention to its revenue received from the sale of goods. Thus, the management of the company, when performing financial activities, must understand that they must have working capital that allows them to pay taxes even before the buyer pays for the goods for the first time.

You can use the cash method, which will remove this problem, but it will not allow you to create a reserve for doubtful debts.

The amount of proceeds received from the sale, equal to the total costs, is called in accounting critical sales volume. The income of the company depends on this value. So, if the company will receive cash, the amount of which is less than this value, the consequence of this will be a loss for the company. If, on the contrary, the revenue is higher, then the company will receive a significant profit from sales.

KO \u003d Pos / (C - Per)

The amount of profit from the sale is influenced by factors such as sales volume, as well as the price of products.

The profit received from the sale of goods in accounting is calculated in the following way:

1. If selling prices + VAT and excises are taken into account, then this will be gross profit. In accounting, such revenue is recorded in credit.
2. In the event that selling prices are taken into account, but already without excises and VAT, then such revenue passes as net.

So, what can affect the amount of profit from sales? This:

• the number of products that the company produces;
• the range of goods offered by the company;
• the quality of the goods produced;
• the prices set for the goods;
• the period during which the goods are delivered;
• the rhythm of the shipped goods;
• the time during which the document flow is carried out;
• compliance with the obligations specified in the contract.

Accounting

Currently, in practice, only a few options for accounting for profit from the sale are used. goods, which allow you to determine the moment of transfer of ownership from the company that sells the product to the person acquiring it. The method of recording profit is determined, first of all, moment of sale of goods and is established either by the moment when the shipment of the goods was carried out, or by its payment.

In the event that the latter method is used, then the moment of sale will be the fact of receipt of money from the buyer to the account of the seller.

If the first method is used, then the moment of sale can be called the fact that the goods were shipped, as well as the presentation of settlement documents to the buyer.

The main entries regarding the accounting of sales on a cash basis listed below.

In the event that this method is used, then the date the funds are credited to the account from the buyer will be the moment when account 90 is closed and the financial result from the sale of goods is determined.

If the shipping method is used, then the goods will be considered sold if they have already been shipped, and all the necessary documents have been provided for payment. In this case, the information will be recorded on account 62. The following will be listed postings on this account:

If you use this method of deduction, then the presentation of a receipt for payment, as well as the date of shipment of the products, will just become the moment of closing the account, as well as determining the monetary result from the sale.

If the sale is accounted for in this way, then in the posting Debit 51 and Credit 90 between 90 and 51 accounts there will be 62 accounts, which will be reflected following entries:

Dt.51 Kt.62 and Dt.62 Kt.90

It should be remembered that in order to correctly pay taxes, you need to use accrual method. However, those companies with less than one million in revenue for the previous four quarters can use the regular cash basis of accounting for sales of goods for the quarter.

If the indicator Dt.62 Kt.90-1 is indicated, then it means that it is reflected.

In the event that the values ​​\u200b\u200bof Dt.90-2 Kt.41 (43, 45, 20) are affixed, then the cost of various goods sold is thus affixed.

If in accounting there is a posting Dt.90-3 Kt.68, then the tax on the sold goods is thus charged.

At the end of the month, based on the information specified in account 90, the result on the funds received is considered. For this you should do following calculations:

1. Calculate how much the turnover received by debit will be for the past month (the values ​​\u200b\u200bof the second and third accounts will be summed here).
2. Additionally, the turnover carried out on the loan for the reporting month must be calculated, which is indicated in the first sub-account.

Ultimately, in order to get the desired figure, from the turnover carried out by debit, we subtract the turnover that passed by credit.

1. In the event that after such calculations a negative number is obtained, then this is the profit received, which should be posted as posting Dt.90-9 Kt.99.
2. If the number turned out to be positive after the calculation, then these are losses incurred by the company, which are recorded as Dt.99 Kt.90-9.

It is worth remembering that at the end of the year the account must be closed. Therefore, it closes in such a way that the balance for each sub-account and account is equal to zero. At the same time, if we talk specifically about sub-accounts, then all of them are closed at 90-9.

Sub-account 90-1: all entries are made exclusively on credit, as a result, it turns out that the balance on such a sub-account can always be exclusively credit. And therefore, in order to equate it to zero, it is necessary to display the number of the loan balance and make a posting in the amount of Dt.90-1 Kt.90-9. As a result, the final balance on the first sub-account will become zero.

Sub-account 90-2. Here, all entries, on the contrary, are posted only on debit, and therefore the balance, respectively, will be debit. Therefore, you should calculate the balance and turnover for this debit, and then post Dt.90-9 and Kt.90-2. As a result of such operations, the credit and debit balances will become the same, and the final result will be equal to zero.

Sub-account 90-3. Here everything will be the same as in the second.

Sub-account 90-9. Thanks to the postings made in previous sub-accounts, the ending balance here will also be equal to zero.

As a result of such procedures, account 90 is completely closed, its balance is canceled, and starting from the new year it is reopened.

Features of separate reflection of revenue in 1C are presented in this manual.